Co-operative Federalism in India

Written by: Bhavana Bramhanand Tiwari, LL.M., Modern Law College, Pune University

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Mahesh Ranganath Kakade, LL.M., Modern Law College, Pune University

Abstract

Cooperative federalism in India is a concept that emphasises a harmonious relationship between the central and state governments to address common issues collaboratively. This approach aims to foster cooperation between different governing bodies to tackle social, political, economic, and civic challenges collectively. The Indian federal system, characterised by a strong central government, allows for a balance between cooperation and competition among states and the centre. The historical roots of cooperative federalism in India can be traced back to ancient times, when local matters were left to regional authorities due to the country's diverse cultural landscape. Over time, India's federal structure has evolved to distribute power from the union to the states and further down to local governing bodies like panchayats. The Constitution of India plays a pivotal role in delineating the distribution of powers and responsibilities between the centre and the states, aiming to achieve unity, social justice, and democracy. This model of cooperative federalism is crucial for India's governance, especially given its vastness and diversity, and has been instrumental in addressing challenges like the Covid-19 pandemic and economic crises effectively.

Keywords: Cooperative Federalism, Niti Aayog, Central Government, State Government, Distribution of powers, Dual Federalism contrast, State Policy, Federal Laws, Divided Jurisdiction

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