Explainable Artificial Intelligence In Image Diagnosis: A Legal And Ethical Analysis

Written by: SK Sahid Anwar (4^th year B.Tech) , Lovely Professional University

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Atul Chandra (4^th year B.Tech), School of Law, Lovely Professional University

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Anmesh Mishra (4^th year B.Tech), Lovely Professional University

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Ajeet Shahi (4^th year B.Tech), Lovely Professional University

Abstract

The healthcare sector is being increasingly transformed by Artificial Intelligence (AI), especially in the realm of medical image diagnostics. However, the lack of transparency associated with AI, often referred to as the “black box” issue, raises significant legal, ethical, and accountability challenges. Explainable AI (XAI) presents a possible remedy by providing clarity and auditability to algorithmic decision-making, promoting fairness, dependability, and adherence to legal standards. This paper explores the legal ramifications of AI-driven diagnostic tools regarding liability, data protection, intellectual property, and patient rights, with a focus on regulatory frameworks in India, the European Union, and the United States. It contends that the absence of a solid legal foundation for the deployment of opaque AI systems in healthcare endangers both the ethical duty of care and the compliance with statutory data protection principles.

Keywords: Artificial Intelligence, Explainable AI, Medical Diagnosis, Data Protection, Legal Accountability

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Volume 2 | Issue 1