Generation Z Protests And Democratic Transition In Nepal: Challenge Of Governance , Corruption, And Political Instability In 2025

Written by: Pepe Prisca Randriasantatriniaina , LL.M, Lovely Professional University, Jalandhar, Punjab, India

Abstract

The year 2025 will be a pivotal moment in the Nepalese democratic process as Generation Z will become a force to reckon with in the face of increasing governance, corruption, and instability. The paper discusses the issue of youth-initiated protests in the context of the development of the democratic transition because the collective agency of the younger generation in Nepal represents a future and a contradiction of democratic leadership as a source of challenge when it comes to the establishment of responsible governments. The paper relies on the historical background of the weak political institutions and recurring instability in Nepal, as well as how disillusionment with the existing corruption, the lack of strength in the state organs, and the cycles of factionalism has spurred Generation Z to mobilise like never before. These demonstrations can be described not as spontaneous outbursts of anguish, but rather as a premeditated process of reworking the social contract and the need to instigate change in the polity that is characterized by a lack of trust and elite embezzlement. Meanwhile, the paper discusses the dangers of the lack of consistent leadership, digital populism, and the possibility of the political elites encouraging youth movements. Through the dynamic analysis, the paper highlights that the democratic transition in Nepal cannot be evaluated only as a constitutional or an electoral process, but as a continuing battle between the traditional patterns of power and the dreams of a politically awakened generation. The findings indicate that the sustainability of Nepal's democracy in 2025 will be subject to the ability of institutional changes to respond in a meaningful manner to the needs of Generation Z and balance between the wave of protest and long-term, sustainable governance and participation.

KEYWORDS: Democratic transition, Generation Z, Governance, corruption, Youth movement

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