Unheard Voices: The Reality Of LGBTQ+ Victimization In India

Written by: Deepesh Verma, LL.B, LL.M, Advocate /MCD

Abstract

This research paper examines the pervasive victimization faced by LGBTQ+ communities in India, highlighting the persistent gap between legal advancements and lived realities. Despite landmark judicial pronouncements such as Navtej Singh Johar v. Union of India (2018) and NALSA v. Union of India (2014), and legislative efforts like the Transgender Persons (Protection of Rights) Act, 2019, LGBTQ+ individuals continue to endure multifaceted forms of victimization including social ostracism, familial violence, institutional discrimination, and economic marginalization. The paper critically analyses these challenges through a legal lens, emphasizing constitutional protections under Articles 14, 15, and 21, while identifying deficiencies in enforcement and policy implementation. It further explores intersectional vulnerabilities and the role of civil society in advocacy. The study concludes with comprehensive recommendations to strengthen legal protections, improve institutional responses, and promote societal acceptance, thereby amplifying the unheard voices of LGBTQ+ victims and fostering substantive equality in India.

Keywords: LGBTQ+ rights, India, legal discrimination, mental health, social stigma

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Volume 1 | Issue 1